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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. P. E. AYTON 8v S. HILL.

DOOR SPRING AND UHEGK. No. 398,996. Patented Mar. 5, 1889.

INVENTORS vw u Q x Q To m WITNESSES (No Model.) a 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. P. E. AYTON & S. HILL.

DOOR SPRING AND GHEGK.

No. 398,996. Patented Mar. 5, 1889.

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, WITNESSES mvcn'roas,

%ua4m arm A W I M m 7 nrrn- Sra'rns PHINEHAS ED\VARD AYTON AND SAMUEL HILL, OF BIRMINGHAM, ENGLAND; SAID HILL ASSIGXOR TO THOMAS PEMBERTON LPC SONS, OF SAME PLACE.

DOOR SPRING AND CHECK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 398,996, dated March 5, 1889.

Application filed December 21, 1887. Serial No. 253.609. (No model.) Patented in England March 8, 1887, No. 3,488, and $eptcm' hcr17, 1S8'7,N0.12,B18,snd inPrance September 20,1887, lie-173,037.

T0 (@ZZ whom, it may concern:

llc it known that we, PHIINEIIAS EDWARD AYTOX, manufacturer, and SAMUEL HILL,

i c,ofangularformincross-sceiion,turns within l the two opposite sides of the inclosing-casing gas cabinet-fitter, subjects of the Queen of Great Britain, both residing at Birmingham, llngslid into place in the bush from cit-her end land, have invented certain n ow and useful Improvements in Door Springs which we have applied for Letters Patent in Great Britain, numbered 3,488, dated March 8, 1887, also numbered 12,618, dated September 17, 1887, and Franco, No. 173,087, dated SeptemberiO, 1887 and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the lllYGlltlOll, reference being had to and Checks, (for the accompanying drawings, which form part 1 and the joint 6 of the arm 0, which 1s a com of this specification.

This invention relates to door springs and i checks for closing doors and for preventing doors from slamming.

Figure 1 represents a top side plan of a door spring and check constructed according to this invention. The said spring is shown in its normal positionthat is, the position which it assumes when a door is closed. Fig. 2 represents a like View as Fig. 1 with some of the parts broken away and with the door which carries the spring partially opened. Fig. 3 represents, upon a smaller scale,a front elevation of the said spring and check applied to a door. Fig. 4 represents a horizontal section through the spring-inclosing oasing and taken upon the dotted lines A B, Fig. Fig. 5 represents, partly in transverse ver-' tical section and partly in end elevation, the said door spring and check. Fig. 6 shows a-section and end elevation of the hollow axis wherethrough the detachable and reversible spindle, Fig. 7, as shown below it, passes Fig. 7 is a sidcyicw of the detachable and reversible spindle.

a is a drum-like bracket, having incl'csed within ita "olute or ribbon spring, I), connccted at its outer end to a fixed cross pin or stud, b and at its inner end to a hollow turning axis or bush, 0, wherein a spindle, (1-, carried at the lower end of an arm, 6, and of angular form in cross-section, fits. The bracket Cb is secured to the hinge side of a door, 0, by attachment-flanges a and the hollow spindle bearings. 'ilhespindlcd is the same shape in cross-section as the bush and as said bush is open at both ends the spindle may be and to any cmiveniont extent, thereby enabling the device to be placed on either side of. a door by merely placing the drum with one or the other side uppermost.

f is a bracket secured to the top framing, or, of a door, and g is a hooked adjustmentlink for giving greater or less tension to the spring by decreasing or increasing the distance between the jointf of the bracket f mon center to both the said link g and an intermediate link, h.

The link 'h has at its lower end a cross pin or stud, 72. which takes into one or other of the hooked or gapped parts 5 formed or out within the inner edge of the adjustable link g.

The cross pin or stud 71 asaforesaichforms a joint center for connecting the links g it togcther.

\Vhen the tension of the spring is required to be increased or decreased for increasing or decreasing the power of the spring, it is only necessary to disengage the cross-pin 712 from the hooked recess with which it is engaged, and then place it within one of the others, above or below it, when the desired tension may be given to the spring.

By constructing door-springs as described the force given out from the spring through the arranged links and arm, as described, is greatest at the closingpoint than at any other-that is, the spring is strongest when. the door is closed and weakest when it is openthis being the converse to the actual condition of the spring.

The amount of force given out by the spring through the intervention of the arm and links is entirely dependent upon the angles which they make with each other. Thus the greater the acute angle which the links make with the arm the greater will be the force given out by the spring at the closing-point, and the greater the obtuse angle the greater will be the force for closing, which correspondingly diminishes the springs power at the closingpoint.

\Vhen the links and arms are in the positions as represented in Fig. 1, the springs force is greatest at the closing-point when the door is closed and weakest when the door is open, and when the springs force is required to be transferred from a point of closing to the closing-point, place the cross-pin it into one of the lower hooked parts, which thereby shortens thelen gth of the link ga'nd increases the angle between the links and arm.

The demonstrations as above attempt to point out that the springs power is entirely influenced by the position which the cross pin or joint-center he has with respect to the axis of the spring and spindle.

If necessary, the intermediate link, g, may be dispensed with and the lower end of the link h maybe jointed directly to the bracket f.

i is an air-check, which consists of a barrel or'cylinder having working within it a piston attached to the inner end of a pistonrod,j,

whose outer end, 7' is made into the form of an eye or joint, which takes upon an extended round end, (P, of the spindle (Z, and which said piston-rod outer end is secured thereon by a terminal cap or nut, is, as best seen in Figs. 3 and 5.

The barrel of the pneumatic check 1' is connected at its rear end to the door-framing n by a hinge-joint or hinge-bracket, Z, while the check is regulated by an adj ustable screw, m,

which has graduated fiats upon its side and takes within a screw-hole in the rear cap.

Having thus described our invention, we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1, In a door spring and check, the combination, with the reversible drum (1, the spring I), and the angular hollow bush 0, open at both ends and turning in said drum, of the angular spindle (Z, adapted to fit into said bush from either end and connected by suitable levers to a bracket, f, on the d oor-jainb, substantially as described.

2. In a door spring and check, the combination of air-cylinder 'i and piston 7, drum o, spring 5, bush 0, secured to the end of said spring, spindle d, fitting in said bush, leyer e, rigidly secured to said spindle, link 71, jointed to said lever and having pin 7Z2, with link g, formed with open-ended slots 0r notchesg, and pivoted to bracket f, said bracket being located between the air cylinder and the spring, substantially as described.

In testimony that we claim the foregoin g we have hereunto set our hands, this 21st day of Sept-ember, 1887. I

PHINEHAS ED\VARD AYTON. SAMUEL HILL. \Yitnesses:

HENRY SKERRETT, FRANK BRIs'roW,

Both of Birmingham. 

